Question 1

Which of the following clinical signs are common with croup?
1)  Stridor
2)  Murmur
3)  Coughing
4)  Cyanosis

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 3 only
B)  2 and 3 only
C)  1, 3, and 4 only
D)  1, 2, 3, and 4E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

What is the maximum PIP that should be used with mechanical ventilation of larger premature infants to prevent volutrauma?

Accepted Answer

A)   25 cm H2O
B)   30 cm H2O
C)   40 cm H2O
D)   50 cm H2OE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 3

Which of the following statements are true about croup?
1)  Caused by viral organism
2)  Most common form of airway obstruction in children aged 6 months to 6 years
3)  Causes subglottic swelling and obstruction
4)  Most often caused by parainfluenza virus

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 3 only
B)  2, 3, and 4 only
C)  3 and 4 only
D)  1, 2, 3, and 4E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following groups of infants should receive passive immunization for RSV?
1)  Chronic lung disease
2)  Infants born less than 32 weeks' gestational age
3)  Infants with congenital heart disease
4)  Infants with retinopathy of prematurity

Accepted Answer

A)  1 only
B)  1, 2, and 3 only
C)  1 and 3 only
D)  1, 3, and 4 onlyE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Which of the following is not associated with apnea episodes in premature infants?

Accepted Answer

A)   Apnea lasts longer than 15 sec.
B)   Apnea is associated with cyanosis.
C)   Apnea is associated with bradycardia.
D)   Apnea lasts longer than 1 min.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following blood gas alteration is usually seen in meconium aspiration syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hypoxemia and respiratory acidosis
B)   Hypoxemia and mixed respiratory and metabolic alkalosis
C)   Hypoxemia and normal acid-base balance
D)   Hypoxemia and mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosisE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following should be done early in the treatment of the nonvigorous infant with meconium aspiration syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)   Suctioning
B)   Mask CPAP
C)   Antibiotics
D)   VasopressorsE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Which of the following findings on the chest radiograph are typical for RDS?
1)  Hyperinflation
2)  Air bronchograms
3)  Diffuse hazy infiltrates
4)  Bilateral reticulogranular densities

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 3 only
B)  1, 2, and 3 only
C)  3 and 4 only
D)  2, 3, and 4 onlyE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in the newborn with severe cyanosis at birth?

Accepted Answer

A)   Persistent pulmonary hypertension
B)   Tetralogy of Fallot
C)   Transposition of the great vessels
D)   Ventricular septal defectE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Which of the following clinical findings suggest the child with croup should be hospitalized?
1)  Stridor at rest
2)  Suprasternal retractions
3)  Cyanosis on room air
4)  Harsh breath sounds

Accepted Answer

A)  1 only
B)  1 and 2 only
C)  1, 3, and 4 only
D)  1, 2, 3, and 4E) C) and D)
F) None of the above D

Question 11

What physiologic abnormality is believed to be the cause of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Right-to-left shunting
B)   High cardiac output
C)   High pulmonary vascular resistance
D)   Metabolic acidosisE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

What is the best strategy in the management of BPD?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adequate fluid management
B)   Prevention
C)   Aggressive mechanical ventilation
D)   PEEPE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

What treatment may improve lung fluid clearance in the infant with transient tachypnea?

Accepted Answer

A)   CPAP
B)   Oxygen
C)   Mechanical ventilation
D)   Frequent turning of the infantE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) D

Question 14

What modality is believed to be the cause of a decrease in the reported incidence of epiglottitis over the past decade?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vaccine
B)   Better diet
C)   Improved epidemiology reporting
D)   Better quality of airE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Which of the following is the most common type of esophageal atresia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Esophageal atresia with a proximal fistula
B)   Esophageal atresia with a distal fistula
C)   Intact esophagus with an H fistula
D)   Esophageal atresia without either fistulaE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

A 2-year-old boy is in severe respiratory distress. The child is drooling and has labored breathing. Stridor is heard. RR is 42 breaths/min and HR is 148 beats/min. What should be done next?

Accepted Answer

A)   Intubate.
B)   Provide 100% oxygen on nonrebreather mask.
C)   Administer racemic epinephrine.
D)   Place on CPAP with low PSV.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following are indications for RSV prophylactic therapy?
1)  Infants less than 32 weeks and requiring FiO2 greater than 0.21 for at least the first 28 days of life
2)  Cyanotic heart defects in the first year of life
3)  Severely immunocompromised children less than 24 months of age
4)  Children with cystic fibrosis

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 3 only
B)  1, 2, and 3 only
C)  3 and 4 only
D)  2, 3, and 4 onlyE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following factors is associated with an increase in the incidence of RDS?

Accepted Answer

A)   Maternal heart disease
B)   Maternal diabetes
C)   Maternal asthma
D)   Long laborE) None of the above
F) A) and D) B

Question 19

Which of the following defects is not associated with tetralogy of Fallot?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ventricular septal defect
B)   Right ventricular hypoplasia
C)   Pulmonary stenosis
D)   Dextroposition of the aortaE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following ventilatory modalities have been associated with a lesser rate of air leak in meconium aspiration syndrome?
1)  IMV
2)  HFV
3)  CPAP

Accepted Answer

A)  1 only
B)  1 and 2 only
C)  2 and 3 only
D)  3 onlyE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 34: Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Which of the following clinical signs are common with croup? 1) Stridor 2) Murmur 3) Coughing 4) Cyanosis

Correct Answer
verified

What is the maximum PIP that should be used with mechanical ventilation of larger premature infants to prevent volutrauma?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements are true about croup? 1) Caused by viral organism 2) Most common form of airway obstruction in children aged 6 months to 6 years 3) Causes subglottic swelling and obstruction 4) Most often caused by parainfluenza virus

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following groups of infants should receive passive immunization for RSV? 1) Chronic lung disease 2) Infants born less than 32 weeks' gestational age 3) Infants with congenital heart disease 4) Infants with retinopathy of prematurity

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is not associated with apnea episodes in premature infants?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following blood gas alteration is usually seen in meconium aspiration syndrome?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following should be done early in the treatment of the nonvigorous infant with meconium aspiration syndrome?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following findings on the chest radiograph are typical for RDS? 1) Hyperinflation 2) Air bronchograms 3) Diffuse hazy infiltrates 4) Bilateral reticulogranular densities

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in the newborn with severe cyanosis at birth?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following clinical findings suggest the child with croup should be hospitalized? 1) Stridor at rest 2) Suprasternal retractions 3) Cyanosis on room air 4) Harsh breath sounds

Correct Answer
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D

What physiologic abnormality is believed to be the cause of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) ?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the best strategy in the management of BPD?

Correct Answer
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What treatment may improve lung fluid clearance in the infant with transient tachypnea?

Correct Answer
verified
D

What modality is believed to be the cause of a decrease in the reported incidence of epiglottitis over the past decade?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is the most common type of esophageal atresia?

Correct Answer
verified

A 2-year-old boy is in severe respiratory distress. The child is drooling and has labored breathing. Stridor is heard. RR is 42 breaths/min and HR is 148 beats/min. What should be done next?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Which of the following factors is associated with an increase in the incidence of RDS?

Correct Answer
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B

Which of the following defects is not associated with tetralogy of Fallot?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following ventilatory modalities have been associated with a lesser rate of air leak in meconium aspiration syndrome? 1) IMV 2) HFV 3) CPAP

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 34: Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Which of the following clinical signs are common with croup? 1) Stridor 2) Murmur 3) Coughing 4) Cyanosis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the maximum PIP that should be used with mechanical ventilation of larger premature infants to prevent volutrauma?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements are true about croup? 1) Caused by viral organism 2) Most common form of airway obstruction in children aged 6 months to 6 years 3) Causes subglottic swelling and obstruction 4) Most often caused by parainfluenza virus

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups of infants should receive passive immunization for RSV? 1) Chronic lung disease 2) Infants born less than 32 weeks' gestational age 3) Infants with congenital heart disease 4) Infants with retinopathy of prematurity

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not associated with apnea episodes in premature infants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following blood gas alteration is usually seen in meconium aspiration syndrome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following should be done early in the treatment of the nonvigorous infant with meconium aspiration syndrome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following findings on the chest radiograph are typical for RDS? 1) Hyperinflation 2) Air bronchograms 3) Diffuse hazy infiltrates 4) Bilateral reticulogranular densities

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in the newborn with severe cyanosis at birth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following clinical findings suggest the child with croup should be hospitalized? 1) Stridor at rest 2) Suprasternal retractions 3) Cyanosis on room air 4) Harsh breath sounds

Correct AnswerverifiedD

What physiologic abnormality is believed to be the cause of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the best strategy in the management of BPD?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What treatment may improve lung fluid clearance in the infant with transient tachypnea?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

What modality is believed to be the cause of a decrease in the reported incidence of epiglottitis over the past decade?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the most common type of esophageal atresia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A 2-year-old boy is in severe respiratory distress. The child is drooling and has labored breathing. Stridor is heard. RR is 42 breaths/min and HR is 148 beats/min. What should be done next?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors is associated with an increase in the incidence of RDS?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following defects is not associated with tetralogy of Fallot?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following ventilatory modalities have been associated with a lesser rate of air leak in meconium aspiration syndrome? 1) IMV 2) HFV 3) CPAP

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Correct Answer
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D

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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D

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B

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Correct Answer
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