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Which stage in the consumer purchase decision process suggests criteria to use for the purchase, yields brand names that might meet the criteria, and develops consumer value perceptions?


A) problem recognition
B) information search
C) alternative evaluation
D) purchase decision
E) post purchase evaluation

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Learning refers to


A) the knowledge acquired from the painful process of taking a test and failing it because one has failed to read the text, attend every lecture, or study his or her notes.
B) those behaviors that result from (1) repeated experience and (2) reasoning.
C) the process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets information to create a meaningful picture of the world.
D) attitudinal adjustments based upon personal experiences and the experiences of others.
E) the acquisition both subjective and objective of information through a formalized interchanged with others.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The American Express advertising claim that "membership has its privileges" creates which type of reference group?


A) aspiration group
B) dissociative group
C) assimilation group
D) integrated group
E) membership group

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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In the VALS system, consumers who are motivated by __________ desire social or physical activity, variety, and risk.


A) ideals
B) achievement
C) self-expression
D) rewards
E) success

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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The family life cycle concept describes the distinct phases a family progresses through, from __________, each phase bringing with it identifiable purchasing behaviors.


A) birth to death
B) formation to retirement
C) the birth of children to retirement
D) the birth of children until children leave home
E) marriage to retirement unless a divorce occurs

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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__________.


A) determining appropriate price ranges
B) selecting the type of purchase outlet
C) establishing a purchase timeline
D) creating a hierarchy of purchase importance
E) developing consumer value perceptions

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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There are five stages in the purchase decision process.The second stage is __________.


A) information search
B) purchase decision
C) alternative evaluation
D) postpurchase behavior
E) problem recognition

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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Why is learning important to marketing?

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Learning is important to marketing becau...

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The Ford Escape uses hybrid fuel technology to deliver more power, convenience, prestige, and fuel economy than non-hybrid cars.The attributes listed for the Ford Escape are attributes that consumers would consider when evaluating the car.These attributes are a consumer's


A) hot buttons.
B) informational alternatives.
C) evaluative criteria.
D) buying-decision choices.
E) consideration set.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Subculture refers to


A) subgroups within the larger national culture, whose values and beliefs are diametrically opposed to that national culture.
B) groups within an organization or firm whose values and beliefs dominate the corporate culture.
C) groups within an organization or firm whose values and beliefs are contrary to the corporate culture.
D) subgroups within the larger, or national, culture with unique values, ideas, and attitudes.
E) the designation given to people between the ages of 12 and 25 whose values and beliefs are not yet fully formed but are still influenced both by their families and main street society.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following statements about personality is most accurate?


A) personality is dynamic and changes several times as a person matures
B) most personality traits are inherited or formed at an early age
C) personality is the energizing force that makes consumer behavior purposeful
D) personality affects buying habits but not the type of product itself
E) major personality differences within a given family unit are rare

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Situational influences refer to


A) the five aspects of the purchase situation that impact the consumer's purchase decision process: purchase task, social surroundings, physical surroundings, temporal effects, and antecedent states.
B) temporary impediments to a consumer's purchase decision.
C) the multiple ways in which a consumer's behavior can affect a salesperson's behavior.
D) feelings of postpurchase anxiety that can arise from a number of different factors including social surroundings, physical surroundings, temporal effects, and antecedent states psychological influences.
E) both the objective and subjective attributes a consumer uses to compare different products and brands.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Subliminal perception refers to


A) the process of seeing or hearing messages without being aware of them.
B) a person's innate ability to read non-verbal clues such as body language and facial expressions.
C) the ability of a person to understand irony, sarcasm, and humor, or-the meanings behind the words.
D) the process of being brainwashed to the point of acting in a way that is contrary to or inconsistent with ones normal behavior.
E) the inability of a person to fully understand what is being said either through a lack of background knowledge or experience, or from speaking a language other than one's native tongue.

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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A learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way is referred to as __________.


A) belief
B) value
C) attitude
D) motivation
E) perception

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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An external search for product information is especially important when


A) the cost of gathering information is low.
B) review of past experience provides adequate information.
C) the risk of making a wrong purchase decision is low.
D) the item is frequently purchased.
E) the item is for personal use rather than for professional use.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Personality refers to


A) a person's consistent behaviors or responses to recurring situations.
B) a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way.
C) the process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets information to create a meaningful picture of the world.
D) a mode of living that is identified by how people spend their time and resources, what they consider important in their environment, and what they think of themselves and the world around them.
E) those qualities that either attract or repel other members of a person's personal, social, or professional environment.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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A consumer's purchases are often influenced by the views, opinions, or behavior of others.Two important aspects of personal influence are


A) lifestyle and motivation.
B) personality and lifestyle.
C) opinion leadership and word-of-mouth activity.
D) word-of-mouth activity and psychographics.
E) psychographics and demographics.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

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When Betty Crocker advertises that baking a cake from one of its mixes tastes just like homemade, it is influencing which type of learning?


A) stimulus discrimination
B) cognitive learning
C) brand loyalty
D) stimulus generalization
E) behavioral learning

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Mary was thrilled to begin her new job after she graduated from college.Which of the following purchases would most likely have the greatest perceived risk for her the day before she begins the job?


A) a magazine subscription to Glamour
B) a cell phone
C) flowers to decorate her new apartment
D) a new outfit for her first day at work
E) a pair of jeans to wear on weekends

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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If you read this chapter the night before this test and still cannot remember the correct marketing term to answer this question, it may very well be the result of


A) selective retention.
B) selective comprehension.
C) selective exposure.
D) selective perception.
E) too much fun and too little studying.

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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