Question 1

During periods of rapid cognitive change,

Accepted Answer

A)   organization predominates over adaptation.
B)   accommodation predominates over assimilation.
C)   assimilation and accommodation are balanced.
D)   adaptation and organization are balanced.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 2

Baby Faith sucks, grasps, and looks in much the same way, no matter what experiences she encounters. Faith is probably in Substage ____ of Piaget's sensorimotor period.

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4E) All of the above
F) A) and D) A

Question 3

How well do infant tests predict later intelligence? What are some alternatives to traditional infant tests?

Accepted Answer

Most infant tests predict later intellig...

Question 4

According to Piaget, during ________, children create new schemes or adjust old ones.

Accepted Answer

A)   assimilation
B)   disequilibrium
C)   organization
D)   accommodationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Describe the structure of the information-processing system.

Accepted Answer

Most information-processing researchers ...

Question 6

________ increases sharply between ages 3 and 4-the period during which children "scramble over the amnesia barrier."

Accepted Answer

A)   Autobiographical memory
B)   Implicit memory
C)   Explicit memory
D)   Verbal recallE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Many infant test scores are labeled ________ quotients.

Accepted Answer

A)   intelligence
B)   developmental
C)   emotional
D)   cognitiveE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Arthur's vocabulary consists mainly of words that refer to objects. Like most toddlers, he uses

Accepted Answer

A)   an expressive style.
B)   child-directed speech.
C)   a referential style.
D)   an authoritative style.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

When 12-month-old Barrett's mom asks him, "Where is your teddy bear?" Barrett responds by pointing to the place on his bed where the teddy bear usually rests. Barrett is displaying

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation and recovery.
B)   inferred imitation.
C)   displaced reference.
D)   means-end problem solving.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above C

Question 10

Quality tends to be the lowest in

Accepted Answer

A)   nonprofit child-care centers.
B)   family child-care settings.
C)   for-profit child-care centers.
D)   single child-care settings.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Beginning in infancy, hearing parents of deaf children are _______________ than are deaf parents of deaf children.

Accepted Answer

A)   more responsive to their child's efforts to communicate
B)   more effective at turn-taking
C)   less directive and intrusive
D)   less involved in playE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Second-language competence

Accepted Answer

A)   drops sharply after age 18.
B)   increases continuously with age.
C)   drops sharply after age 10.
D)   decreases continuously with age.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 13

In Piaget's sequence of sensorimotor development, newborns first develop

Accepted Answer

A)   mental representations.
B)   tertiary circular schemes.
C)   reflexive schemes.
D)   primary circular schemes.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above C

Question 14

Behaviorist Dr. Wechsler probably believes that language is acquired through

Accepted Answer

A)   a language acquisition device.
B)   social interactions.
C)   heredity.
D)   operant conditioning.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

According to the core knowledge perspective, babies

Accepted Answer

A)   construct knowledge through independent exploration of their world.
B)   internalize knowledge though social interaction with others.
C)   achieve new mental abilities through schedules of reinforcement and punishment.
D)   are born with at set of innate special-purpose knowledge systems.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true about the application of Vygotsy's ideas to infancy and toddlerhood?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vygotsky failed to recognize the significance of social experiences for children under the age of 5.
B)   Fine-tuned adult support during infancy and toddlerhood is related to advanced problem solving during the second year.
C)   Cultural variations in social experiences rarely affect mental strategies until children reach school age.
D)   While scaffolding promotes learning in the preschool years, it seems to inhibit learning in infancy and toddlerhood.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true about child care in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most child-care centers require that caregivers have special training in child development.
B)   Child-care centers are nationally regulated and funded to ensure their quality.
C)   In studies of quality, about 20 to 25 percent of child-care centers offer substandard care.
D)   Child-care standards are set by the individual states and vary widely.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Two-year-old Greta pretends to bake a cake. Greta is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)   object permanence.
B)   core knowledge.
C)   abstract thinking.
D)   mental representation.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 19

At 6 months, Annabelle dropped her rattle in a fairly rigid way. By 12 months, she tossed objects down the basement stairs, bounced them off walls, and threw them in the air. Annabelle's modifications of her dropping scheme are an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   accommodation.
B)   equilibrium.
C)   organization.
D)   assimilation.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Some critics argue that the violation-of-expectation method is flawed because

Accepted Answer

A)   it is difficult for observers to discern when babies have habituated to the familiar event.
B)   this method cannot be used with young babies or toddlers, who easily become fatigued.
C)   babies make only subtle changes to their behaviors when they recover to a new stimulus.
D)   it reveals only babies' perceptual preference for novelty, not their understanding of experience.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Exam 6: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

During periods of rapid cognitive change,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Baby Faith sucks, grasps, and looks in much the same way, no matter what experiences she encounters. Faith is probably in Substage ____ of Piaget's sensorimotor period.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

How well do infant tests predict later intelligence? What are some alternatives to traditional infant tests?

Correct AnswerverifiedMost infant tests predict later intellig...View AnswerShow Answer

According to Piaget, during ________, children create new schemes or adjust old ones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the structure of the information-processing system.

Correct AnswerverifiedMost information-processing researchers ...View AnswerShow Answer

________ increases sharply between ages 3 and 4-the period during which children "scramble over the amnesia barrier."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many infant test scores are labeled ________ quotients.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Arthur's vocabulary consists mainly of words that refer to objects. Like most toddlers, he uses

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When 12-month-old Barrett's mom asks him, "Where is your teddy bear?" Barrett responds by pointing to the place on his bed where the teddy bear usually rests. Barrett is displaying

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Quality tends to be the lowest in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Beginning in infancy, hearing parents of deaf children are _______________ than are deaf parents of deaf children.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Second-language competence

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Piaget's sequence of sensorimotor development, newborns first develop

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Behaviorist Dr. Wechsler probably believes that language is acquired through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the core knowledge perspective, babies

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about the application of Vygotsy's ideas to infancy and toddlerhood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about child care in the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two-year-old Greta pretends to bake a cake. Greta is demonstrating

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At 6 months, Annabelle dropped her rattle in a fairly rigid way. By 12 months, she tossed objects down the basement stairs, bounced them off walls, and threw them in the air. Annabelle's modifications of her dropping scheme are an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some critics argue that the violation-of-expectation method is flawed because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Most infant tests predict later intellig...
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Most information-processing researchers ...
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C

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C

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