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Who reformed Rome in the third century C.E. and saved it from decline?


A) Diocletian
B) Tiberius
C) Constantine
D) Brucellosis
E) Claudius

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The emperor responsible for the reorganization of the Roman government after 31 B.C.E. went by the honorific name of:


A) Julius Caesar.
B) Caligula.
C) Nero.
D) Claudius.
E) Augustus.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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How did Gaozu, the rebel leader who brought down the Qin empire, deal with the Xiongnu confederation threat?


A) he took a massive army north and defeated them soundly.
B) he adopted a policy of appeasement.
C) he formed an alliance with Mongols to wipe them out.
D) he incorporated them into the Han empire.
E) none of these.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The term of office for a senator in the Roman Republic was_________ .

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Instructions: Identify the following term(s). -equites

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The term "equites" refers to a class in ancient Roman society. The word is derived from the Latin "equus," which means "horse," reflecting the class's origins as cavalrymen. In the early Roman Republic, the equites were a social rank of citizens who were wealthy enough to afford a horse and serve in the cavalry. Over time, their role evolved, and they became known as a class of wealthy businessmen and merchants. The equites were distinct from the patricians, who were the traditional aristocratic families of Rome, and from the plebeians, who were the common citizens. Although the equites were not as politically powerful as the patricians, they held significant influence in Roman society due to their wealth and economic activities. They were involved in tax farming, public contracts, and trade, and they often served as officers in the army or held important administrative positions in the government. During the late Republic and into the Empire, the distinction between the equites and the senatorial class became more fluid, with individuals moving between the two ranks based on wealth and political influence. The equites played a crucial role in the economic and administrative functions of the Roman state, and their status was symbolized by the gold ring they wore and their right to sit in a special block of seats at public events, known as the "equestrian order."

Who were NOT among the earliest converts to Christianity?


A) women
B) the poor
C) slaves
D) Jews
E) all of these

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Instructions: Identify the following term(s). -Paul

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Paul is a key figure in the New Testamen...

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Instructions: Identify the following term(s). -Constantine

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Constantine typically refers to Constant...

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The main reason for the decline of the Roman Republic was


A) an impoverished population.
B) political decentralization.
C) military leaders with armies loyal to them rather than to the state.
D) ongoing wars in trying to expand to an empire.
E) the subversive effect of increasingly popular monotheistic religions.

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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As Italian farmers found themselves increasingly away on military campaigns, their lands were often administered by:


A) tenant farmers.
B) deceptive investors.
C) agricultural wage laborers.
D) female and child labor.
E) letting their land lie fallow.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Using Maps 5.1 and 5.2 compare the geography of the Roman Empire and Han China. Compare the length of time taken to build the respective empires, and trace the major urban areas and primary trade routes that made the maintenance of the empires so crucial. How did over-expansion play a role in the political downfall of these empires?

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The geography of the Roman Empire and Han China differed significantly. The Roman Empire was located in the Mediterranean region, with its core territories centered around modern-day Italy. It expanded to encompass parts of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. In contrast, Han China was located in East Asia, with its core territories in modern-day China. It expanded to include parts of Korea, Vietnam, and Central Asia. The Roman Empire took several centuries to build, with its peak expansion occurring in the 2nd century AD. In comparison, the Han Empire took around 400 years to reach its peak expansion in the 1st century BC. Both empires relied on major urban areas and primary trade routes for their maintenance. In the Roman Empire, cities like Rome, Alexandria, and Carthage were crucial for trade and governance. The primary trade routes included the Silk Road and the Mediterranean Sea. In Han China, cities like Chang'an and Luoyang were important centers of trade and administration. The primary trade routes included the Silk Road and the Grand Canal. Over-expansion played a significant role in the political downfall of both empires. The Roman Empire faced challenges in governing its vast territories, leading to internal strife and eventual fragmentation. In Han China, over-expansion strained the empire's resources and led to economic instability, contributing to its eventual collapse. Additionally, both empires faced external threats from nomadic invasions, further weakening their political control. Overall, the geography, length of time taken to build, and the impact of over-expansion played crucial roles in the rise and fall of the Roman Empire and Han China.

Why was becoming Christian considered an act of disloyalty in the Roman Empire?


A) Rome had a strong monotheistic tradition.
B) Christians could not worship the emperor as a deity.
C) Rome required all citizens to learn about all world religions.
D) Christian theology demanded that all people live in a Christian utopia.
E) One of Christianity's aims was to overthrow dictators.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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What was the basis of the Chinese social order under the Han dynasty? Describe the lives of the Chinese people during this period, paying particular attention to women's roles.

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The basic Chinese social unit was the fa...

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Which of the following was not a tactic used to re-centralize power under the Qin?


A) elimination of primogeniture.
B) standardized weights and measures.
C) a code of law
D) a return to Confucianist values.
E) eliminating rival centers of authority.

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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Instructions: Identify the following term(s). -Senate

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Compare and contrast the rise of the first unified Roman and Chinese empires from small states.

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Both the Roman Empire and the first Chin...

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How is the career of Paul an example of the "cosmopolitan" nature of the Roman Empire?


A) He limited his proselytizing to urban areas.
B) He only converted Romans to Christianity.
C) He refused to debase himself by using anything Roman.
D) He was able to use the benefits of Roman citizenship, roads, and cities to spread Christianity.
E) He found that both Jews and Christians readily accepted his views of Jesus as the messiah.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

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D

Instructions: Identify the following term(s). -Shi Huangdi

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Shi Huangdi, also known as Qin Shi Huang...

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One of the most enduring consequences of the Roman Empire has been the


A) persistence of the Roman system of mathematics.
B) suppression of many barbarian groups.
C) tradition of peaceful regime change.
D) Romanization of the western Mediterranean.
E) military innovations that revolutionized warfare.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Instructions: Identify the following term(s). -Diocletian

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Diocletian was a Roman emperor who ruled...

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